Sylhet Sadar and Golabganj uapzila on the north, Rajnagar and Kulaura upazilas on the south, Barlekha upazila on the east, Balaganj upazila on the west.

Fenchuganj thana was established in 1907 and was turned into an upazila in 1980. The upazila consists of three union parishads, 30 mouzas and 88 villages.

Fenchuganj Upazila is located in Sylhet District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Sylhet are Balaganj Upazila, Beanibazar Upazila, Bishwanath Upazila, Companiganj Upazila, Fenchuganj Upazila, Golabganj Upazila, Gowainghat Upazila, Jaintiapur Upazila, Kanaighat Upazila, Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Zakiganj Upazila.