Meghalay state of India on the north, Sylhet Sadar and Jaintiapur upazilas on the south, Jaintiapur upazila on the east, Companiganj (Sylhet) upazila on the west.

Gowainghat thana, now an upazila, was established in 1908. The upazila consists of 8 union parishads, 260 mouzas and 264 villages.

Gowainghat Upazila is located in Sylhet District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Sylhet are Balaganj Upazila, Beanibazar Upazila, Bishwanath Upazila, Companiganj Upazila, Fenchuganj Upazila, Golabganj Upazila, Gowainghat Upazila, Jaintiapur Upazila, Kanaighat Upazila, Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Zakiganj Upazila.